Karl ernst von baer biography sample

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In , while working at the University of Königsberg in Königsberg, Germany, Karl Ernst von Baer proposed four laws of animal development, which came to be called von Baer's laws of embryology. With these laws, von Baer described the development (ontogeny) of animal embryos while also critiquing popular theories of animal development at the time. Von Baer's laws of embryology provided a framework to research the relationships and patterns between the development of different classes of organisms, and the patterns between ontogeny and the diversification of species on Earth (phylogeny).

Von Baer's laws, published in , responded to Johann Friedrich Meckel's recapitulation theory. Meckel worked at the University of Halle in Halle, Germany. In , Meckel published his recapitulation theory in Beyträge zur vergleichenden Anatomie [Contributions to Comparative Anatomy]. In his text, Meckel claimed that throughout ontogeny, embryos pass through successive stages that represent the adult forms of less complex organisms. He said that more complex organisms went through developmental stages that chronologically replayed the scala naturae, a hierarchical system of classification that places the least complex organisms on the bottom of the classification and the more compl

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Karl Ernst von Baer

His full name is:
Karl Ernst Ritter von Baer, Edler von Huthorn.

Karl Ernst von Baer discovered the mammalian ovum and the notochord and established the new science of comparative embryology alongside comparative anatomy. His most important work is his treatise Ueber die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Thiere, Beobachtung und Reflexion (, ) the publication of which provided a basis for the systematic study of animal development. He was also a pioneer in geography, ethnology, and physical anthropology.

Early life
Baer descended from an originally Prussian family. One of his ancestors, Andreas Baer, emigrated from Westphalia to Reval, Livonia, in the mid-sixteenth century. A collateral descendant of Andreas bought an estate in Estonia during the mid-seventeenth century, and was made a member of the nobility. Karl's father, Magnus Johann von Baer, was an Estonian landholder whose estate, Piep (Piibe), Jerwen County (Järvamaa) in the Russian Baltic province, was modest in size. His father had been trained in law and, after Karl's birth, served a term as district official - Landrat - and as an official of the Estonian Knighthood, in which the family had gained membership during the late eighteenth century.

Magnus Johann von Baer married his first cousin