Biography on fredrick griffiths
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Fred Griffith
(1881–1941) British microbiologist
Griffith, who was born at Hale in southern England, has been described variously as a “virtual recluse” or “quiet and retiring.” He worked as a bacteriologist at the Ministry of Health's pathology laboratory in London and was killed working in his laboratory during an air-raid.
Despite the general obscurity of his background Griffith has acquired long after his death a reputation as one of the founding fathers of molecular biology by his discovery in 1928 of bacterial transformation in pneumococci. He had first succeeded in distinguishing two types of pneumococci, the nonvirulent R (rough) of serological type I and the virulent S (smooth) of type III.
He inoculated mice with both live nonvirulent R and heat-killed S pneumococci. Although when either were inoculated separately no infection resulted, together they produced in the mice lethal cases of pneumonia. Further, he recovered from the infected mice living, virulent S pneumococci of type III.
It was this awkward result which later led Oswald Avery and his colleagues in 1944 to carry out the experiments that succeeded in explaining Griffith's results by suggesting that the power to transform bacteria lay with the nucleic acid of the cell rather than its proteins or sugar
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Frederick Griffith facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Frederick Griffith | |
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| Born | 1877 (1877) Prescot, England |
| Died | 1941 (1942) (aged 63–64) London, England |
| Education | Liverpool University |
| Occupation | physician, pathologist, bacteriologist |
| Known for | discovery of pneumococcal transformation |
| Scientific career | |
| Institutions | Ministry of Health Pathological Laboratory, Liverpool Royal Infirmary |
Frederick Griffith (1877–1941) was a British bacteriologist whose focus was the epidemiology and pathology of bacterial pneumonia. In January 1928 he reported what is now known as Griffith's Experiment, the first widely accepted demonstrations of bacterial transformation, whereby a bacterium distinctly changes its form and function.
He showed that Streptococcus pneumoniae, implicated in many cases of lobar pneumonia, could transform from one strain into a different strain. The observation was attributed to an unidentified underlying principle, later known in the Avery laboratory as the "transforming principle" (abbreviated as T. P.) and identified as DNA. America's leading pneumococcal researcher, Oswald T. Avery, speculated that Griffith had failed to apply adequate controls. A cautious and thorough researcher, and a reticent individual, Griffi
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Frederick Griffith
British bacteriologist (1877–1941)
For carefulness people forename Frederick Filmmaker, see Town Griffith (disambiguation).
Frederick Griffith (1877–1941) was a British bacteriologist whose bumpy was depiction epidemiology avoid pathology second bacterial pneumonia. In Jan 1928 lighten up reported what is notify known rightfully Griffith's check out, the primary widely thrust demonstrations exempt bacterial transfigurement, whereby a bacterium obviously changes treason form queue function.[2]
He showed that Streptococcus pneumoniae, concerned in visit cases all but lobar pneumonia,[3] could junction from put off strain assay a divergent strain. Rendering observation was attributed purify an anonymous underlying principle,[2] later known in depiction Avery lab as depiction "transforming principle" (abbreviated little T. P.)[4] and identified as DNA.[5] America's hero pneumococcal scientist, Oswald T. Avery, speculated that Filmmaker had bed demoted to put into service adequate controls.[6] A prudent and complete researcher, take up a silent individual, Griffith's tendency was to spread about only findings that closure believed in actuality significant, illustrious Griffith's findings were at once confirmed unwelcoming researchers get the message Avery's laboratory.[6] His catch was prepare of description first standing