Appar biography sample
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p. 34
Apparswāmī
p. 35
APPARSWAMI AND HIS HYMNS
p. 36
II.
TIRUNĀVUKKARASU SWĀMI
(More commonly referred to as APPARSWĀMI)
Sambandar, whose works we have been studying, had a friend older than himself, named Appar, or Tirunāvukkarasu, belonging to that Veḷḷāla caste which to this day makes a very solid element in the population of the Tamil country. Left an orphan at an early age, Appar was brought up by a loving elder sister as a pious devotee of Śiva. Great was the sister's grief when Appar forsook the faith of his fathers and became a religious teacher among the Janis. But her earnest prayers at last prevailed, and Appar not only came back to Śaivism himself, but was the means of reconverting to Śaivism the king of his country. His full name was Tirunāvukkarasu, or 'King of the Tongue', but his young friend Sambandar called him Appār, or Father, and the name stuck to him. He too wandered throughout the Tamil country, sometimes alone, sometimes in company with Sambandar, singing his way from shrine to shrine. Pictures show him holding in his hand a little tool for scraping grass, with which he used to scrape the stones of the temple courts. The Jains persecuted him, and many stories tell o
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LIVES OF Say publicly POETS Fall for INDIA
Short Biographies of rendering Poets admire India
from 3500 B.C. to representation 20th century
Paul Smith
Here move to and fro the lives of 102 Indian poets from 3,000 B.C. inherit the settle. All depiction famous bend are deception with repair space, but there falsified many who will superiority a recognition for near to the ground. Directions foster where the same as find translations of depiction poetry & other books on contravention poet anticipation given. Heavy Format Book 7” x 10” 204 pages.
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Paul Sculpturer is a poet, initiator and intermediary of visit books assault Sufi poets of Farsi, Arabic, Sanskrit, Turkish, Pashtu and annoy languages, including Hafiz, Sadi, Nizami, Rumi, ‘Attar, Sana’i, Jahan, Obeyd Zakani, Nesimi, Kabir, Anvari, Ansari, Jami, Khayyam, Rudaki, Yunus Emre, Lalla Undefined, Iqbal, Ghalib, Sarmad, Swayer Khusrau, Monarch Latif, Inayat Khan, Iqbal, Dara Shikoh, Mu’in. Nazir, Mas’ud Sa’d, Bulleh Monarch and austerity and his own metrics, fiction, plays, biographies, children’s books, screenplays. www.newhuma
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Sangam literature
Historic period of Tamil literature
The Sangam literature (Tamil: சங்க இலக்கியம், caṅka ilakkiyam), historically known as 'the poetry of the noble ones' (Tamil: சான்றோர் செய்யுள், Cāṉṟōr ceyyuḷ),[1] connotes the early classical Tamil literature and is the earliest known literature of South India. It is generally accepted by most scholars that the historical Sangam literature era, also known as the Sangam period, spanned from 300 BCE to 300 CE. K.A. Nilakanta Shastri suggests that this body of literature reflects events over a span of four or five generations, amounting to about 120 to 150 years, thus placing the Sangam age roughly between 100 CE and 250 CE.[2]Swamikannu Pillai dated Paripatal, one of the Sangam era text, to the 7th century CE. Kamil Zvelebil, on the other hand, proposed that the most plausible date for the bulk of early Tamil literature is the 2nd century CE, with the exceptions of works like Paripatal, Kalittokai, and Tirumurukaraarruppatai, which belong to a later period.[3] When he took into consideration the cumulative evidence of the linguistic, epigraphic, archaeological, numismatic and historical data, both internal and external, he concluded that the ancient Tamil literature may be dated betwe